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NECC1008: Improving sweet corn: genetics and management

Annual/Termination Reports (SAES-422): [01/11/2006] [06/20/2007] [02/11/2008]

Date of Annual Report: 01/11/2006

Report Information:
  • Annual Meeting Dates: 12/05/05 to 12/05/05
  • Period the Report Covers: 01/2005 to 12/2005

    • Participants:
    Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting:

    URL: Copy of minutes
    Accomplishments:

    Impact Statements:
    Last Modified: unknown

    Date of Annual Report: 06/20/2007

    Report Information:
  • Annual Meeting Dates: 12/03/06 to 12/04/06
  • Period the Report Covers: 10/2005 to 09/2006

    • Participants:
    Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting:

    URL: Copy of minutes
    Accomplishments:

    Impact Statements:
    Last Modified: 20-Jun-2007

    Date of Annual Report: 02/11/2008

    Report Information:
  • Annual Meeting Dates: 12/03/07 to 12/04/07
  • Period the Report Covers: 10/2006 to 09/2007

    • Participants:
    Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting:
    MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL MEETING In the absence of chairman Jim Meyer, the meeting held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel Chicago in conjunction with the American Seed Trade Association Corn, Soybean, and Sorghum Conference was called to order Monday morning, December 3, 2007 by secretary/acting chair Snook Pataky. Introductions At the beginning of the meeting, the roster included 11 public sector and 28 private sector representatives (see above). A few individuals who arrived late may not have signed the roster. Approval of previous minutes Minutes from the 2006 meeting that had been distributed by e-mail were approved. Comments of Administrative Advisor The administrative advisor, Bob Goodman, was not able to attend. Industry reports As usual, industry reports were brief. Seed production in Idaho was good in spite of a hot dry season. Incidence of common smut was down again in 2007 as compared to two or three years earlier. There was nothing notable to report from processing or fresh market crops. Steve Grier reported the occurrence in France of a race of Puccinia sorghi virulent against the Rp1I gene. Questions arose concerning the occurrence of this race in North America. Although Rp1I-virulent isolates have occurred previously (e.g., as part of AL Hookers collection of Puccina sorghi isolates), I-virulent isolates are not currently widespread in North America.

    Station reports (individual reports attached as Word files)

    Wisconsin (B Tracy)

    " the genetics of vegetative development including an assessment of changes in microRNAs as a result of divergent selection for timing of vegetative phase change

    " fine mapping of a gene on chromosome 2L associated with wrinkled phenotype in su1 lines and higher sugar content (possibly the sugar enhancer gene)

    " the genetics of weed competitiveness using a diallele set of crosses

    " recurrent selection for germination in cold conditions

    " inbred and hybrid development programs

    " disease resistance from exotic x temperate sweet corn populations

    Ohio (M Bennett)

    " reported on use of organic/biological seed treatments for optimum stand establishment for sweet corn and edamame

    Idaho (K Mohan)

    " multi-location (15 locations in US including, CO, FL, ID (4), IL (3), MN, OR, PA, WI (3) and Japan and Argentina) evaluation of seed treatments to improve sweet corn stands Cornell (M Smith)

    " European corn borer resistance derived from tropical food-type corn incorporated in sweet corn to be tested as S1 families

    " evaluation of testcrosses of S4 and S5 progeny from a program to incorporate resistance to multiple leaf blights, including: anthracnose leaf blight, Stewarts wilt, and possibly northern leaf blight, southern leaf blight and common rust.

    Minnesota (W Hutchinson)  oral report only

    " rapidly changing landscape for Lepidopteran pests in sweet corn grown in the southuern and Midwestern US

    Illinois (M Williams)

    " sweet corn plant architecture in relation to crop tolerance to weed pests (wild proso millet as a model system) and weed suppressive ability

    Illinois (J Pataky)

    " sweet corn hybrid disease nursery (rust, MDM, HPPD-herbicides): www.sweetcorn.uiuc.edu

    " genetic basis for sensitivity of sweet corn to multiple herbicides metabolized by cytochrome P450s

    " genetic basis for varied levels to sweet corn hybrids from three P450-metabolized herbicides

    " co-segregation in sweet corn to tembotione and mesotione

    " 2007 Stewart;s wilt survey

    " increased severity of foliar leaf blights (SCLB, GLS, and NCLS) on MDM-infected sweet corn

    Wisconsin (C Boerboom)

    " tolerance ratings of sweet corn hybrids to nicosulfuron and mesotrione based on field trials in multiple locations (CO, DE, ID, MN, NY, OR, WI) from 2005 to 2007

    New Business

    Location of the next meeting will be in Chicago with ISCDA at the ASTA meeting. Volunteers were sought to serve as secretary for the 2008 meeting. Upon receiving no volunteers or nominations, the committee decided by consensus to elect a secretary at the beginning of the 2008 meeting. Snook Pataky who was secretary and acting chairman for this meeting will serve as chairman for 2008. The meeting was adjourned.

    Accomplishments:
    Examining the relationship between plant development and disease and insect resistance will increase our understanding of certain forms of quantitative or adult plant resistance and may lead to improved cultivars or management strategies. The work with new endosperm combinations may lead to improved quality sweet corn or new industrial uses of corn. The new sources of disease resistance may be useful to commercial breeders in diversifying their germplasm and increasing the stability of resistance. Improved European corn borer resistance in sweet corn should increase pest control options and reduce the need for pesticide applications to control ear feeding insects. Improved resistance to foliar leaf blights will improve crop health in most U.S. sweet corn environments, and reduce the need for fungicide sprays in certain environments and reduce inoculum loads for subsequent growing seasons.

    Host resistance, disease control, and herbicide tolerance are important aspects of efficient sweet corn production. Hopefully, our results help the sweet corn industry manage diseases and weeds.

    SSAA tests are helpful in assessing seed vigor after aging for different cultivars of sweet corn seed. The project on the use of organic/biological seed treatments for optimum stand establishment of sweet corn and edamame assessed establishment when sown under lab, greenhouse conditions and field seedling establishment to maximize agronomic and horticultural usefulness of results. Traditional seed treatments, due to their composition, cannot be used in organic production systems. Use of untreated seed often reduces seed germination and field stands. Organic/biological treatments may be useful to organic and transitional farmers when direct seeding crops such as sweet corn and edamame.

    Information obtained in the study of the efficacy of different chemical seed treatments in multiple locations will help the industry and the growers to choose the most effective seed treatment, and also provide supporting data for registration of new products for use as sweet corn seed treatments.

    Impact Statements:
    Last Modified: 11-Feb-2008
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